1. It's an infection of the deeper skin
Cellulitis affects the deeper layers of the skin and the tissue underneath. It is usually caused by streptococcus or staphylococcus bacteria, including MRSA, entering through a break in the skin.
2. It often starts with a small break in the skin
Cuts, scrapes, insect bites, surgical wounds and cracked skin from athlete's foot or eczema can all let bacteria in. Sometimes no obvious wound is visible.
3. The lower legs are the most common site
The affected area becomes red or darker than surrounding skin, swollen, warm and tender, and the redness often spreads. It usually affects one side of the body. Fever and chills can occur.
4. Some people are at higher risk
Diabetes, a weakened immune system, chronic leg swelling (lymphedema), poor circulation, obesity and a previous episode of cellulitis all raise the risk.
5. Antibiotics usually clear it
Most cases respond to oral antibiotics within a few days. Raising the affected limb helps reduce swelling. If redness keeps spreading or you don't improve within two to three days, contact your doctor, because some infections need IV antibiotics. Seek emergency care for high fever, confusion, rapidly spreading redness, numbness, or skin that turns dark or blistered.
6. It can often be prevented
- Clean cuts and scrapes with soap and water and keep them covered
- Moisturize to prevent cracked skin and treat athlete's foot promptly
- If you have diabetes, check your feet daily and wear protective footwear
- Treat leg swelling as your doctor advises
This article is for general education and isn't a substitute for a visit with a physician.